Historically the American justice system has viewed juveniles who commit crimes as more deserving of a stake chance than adults. In light of escalating crime committed by juveniles, this has changed. The juvenile justice system has responded to pressure from citizens and legislators with a serial publication of changes with respect to the sentencing, confinement, rehabilitation, and treatment of juveniles. Harsher sentences, trying juveniles as adults (including the death penalty), and a focus on incarceration instead of and in family of rehabilitation actually increase the chances that a juvenile will re-offend. Many experts argue that by putting juveniles in fall back or sentencing them in ways that disrupt their learning surround creates more social ills in the long run than adopting other(a) measures of retribution. Professor of Psycholo
Cullen, F. T. and Agnew, R. (Eds.) Criminological possible action Past to Present. Los Angeles, CA: Roxbury, 1998.
The central variable of the integrated speculation on tatterdemalion behavior is exposure and commitment to neglectful peer groups. Understanding the causes of juvenile delinquency necessitates recognition that there are subcultural groups in all societies that simply do not possess any commitment to the values that are considered at bottom the dominant value system of the culture to be delectable or important.
In a racially insensitive society, minorities lots feel excluded from access to much(prenominal)(prenominal) values. This increases isolation and reliance on peers, many of whom may be delinquent in such communities.
Satterfield argues that the problems faced by minority youth in the national cities, from crime and substance abuse to unsafe learning environments and hardly a(prenominal) employment opportunities, cause a disproportionate number of such children to become involved in the juvenile justice system in comparison to non-minority youths: "The deck is stacked against minority youth in the juvenile justice system where community problems overdress the odds that minority children will wind up juvenile delinquents. The numbers speak for themselves. Race is a major divisor" (B1). Such statistics demonstrate that noise programs need aimed at decide environmental factors that increase minority youth risk for delinquent behavior, such as substance use education and intervention programs.
Disproportionate Minority Representation:
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